Hungary--Against the backdrop of a resurgent far-right movement that won nearly 17% of the votes in recent elections and with increasing anti-Semitism in Hungary, Simon Wiesenthal Center Israel Director Dr. Efraim Zuroff finds himself on trial in Budapest in a lawsuit filed by an Hungarian Nazi war criminal responsible for the murder of hundreds of Jews.
In a first-person report for Wiesenthal.com, Dr. Zuroff explains that, “For the past 30 years, I have been actively involved in trying to facilitate the prosecution of Nazi war criminals, so it was quite upsetting to find myself in the dock 10 days ago in Budapest (Pictured right) as the accused in a libel/defamation suit filed by one of the more important Holocaust perpetrators whom I have exposed and sought to bring to justice.”
Dr Zuroff continues…"The person in question, Dr. Sandor Kepiro, was among a group of Hungarian army and gendarmerie officers who organized a mass murder of at least 1,250 innocent civilians (mostly Jews, the others Serbs and Roma) in the Serbian city of Novi Sad on January 23, 1942.
Thousands of residents of the city were rounded up by the Hungarians on that day
Photo: Protesters outside the courtroom with signs reading, "A war crime does not fade away!"
and taken to a large theater in the center of the city, where a committee of Hungarian officers decided if any could be released. The others, the overwhelming majority of those rounded up, were marched to the banks of the Danube River, which runs through the center of Novi Sad, where they were mowed down by teams of Hungarian shooters. The murders were only stopped in the afternoon, when Hungarian officers sent from Budapest landed on the frozen river with orders to halt the mass murder, which had been launched by the officers in Novi Sad on their own initiative, but by this time hundreds had already been killed
In late 1943, the officers involved in the operation were put on trial in Hungary for violating orders, and on January 23, 1944, they were all convicted and sentenced either to death or to lengthy jail sentences, including Sandor Kepiro. Shortly thereafter, however, the Nazis invaded Hungary and all the convictions were cancelled, the officers were given promotions, and they were returned to active service…
After the war, Kepiro escaped to Austria and in 1948 arrived in Argentina, where he remained until 1996, when he returned to Budapest. There are indications that he was tried again in absentia in 1946 and was again convicted.
In the summer of 2006, the Center received information that Kepiro was still alive and I tracked him down to a brownstone in the Hungarian capital at 78 Leo Frankel Street, right opposite a functioning synagogue.(For the full details on the amazing story of how I found him, see the chapter on Kepiro in my recent book Operation Last Chance; One Man's Quest to Bring Nazi Criminals to Justice, Palgrave/Macmillan, 2009.) On August 1, 2006, I submitted the evidence to the prosecutors, who informed me that there was no statute of limitations in Hungary on war crimes, genocide, and crimes against humanity and I asked that Kepiro's original sentence be implemented. In February 2007, I was informed that the original sentence could not be implemented since it had been cancelled by a Hungarian court, but instead an investigation was opened against him for his role in the massacre at Novi Sad. That investigation has been proceeding ever since, but contrary to our expectation that Kepiro would be prosecuted, that has still not taken place. About a year ago, he was finally questioned and had to surrender his passport, but a request to put him under house arrest was rejected and he is still unprosecuted more than three years after the investigation against him commenced.
Then I suddenly found myself on trial for exposing a Holocaust perpetrator and pushing for his prosecution. Instead of attending Kepiro's trial, I found myself on trial for the ostensible offense of exposing and telling the truth about one of the persons responsible for a terrible mass murder. This was a strange and unprecedented experience for me, but the silver lining might be that the proceeding that he started against me might ultimately be his undoing as we expose his crimes, thereby increasing the pressure for his prosecution. That is my hope, and so despite the frustration and absurdity of being in the dock, perhaps some positive benefit can be achieved in this case and the truth and justice be served.
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